The paper develops the application of a mathematical model describing the physical vacuum and matter by two component systems. In contrast to Newtonian physics, to describe the energy of a body, its volume is taken into account. The model allows representing matter as a middle state between "black" holes and space. Using examples of changes in the energy of matter, the emergence of electric charge and magnetic fields is shown. The conclusion that the movement of time is impossible without a change in the rate of time is substantiated. The change in the rate of time, distorts the data on the rate of expansion of the universe. It is concluded that the movement of time is a transformation of the future into the past. The spiral motion of photons is explained. The application of rectangular coordinates to describe the physical essence of phenomena is justified.
