The Dunning-Kruger effect is a kind of cognitive bias in which people think that they are smarter and more capable than they are. Essentially, low-skilled people don’t have the skills needed to understand their own incompetence. The combination of poor self-aware- ness and low cognitive ability leads to their own abilities being overestimated. While work analyzing Dunning-Kruger metrics clearly identifying the presence or absence of the test, the magnitude of the outcome has not been deter- mined. Doctors can also try to address their own Dun- ning-Kruger impact by moving on to further study
