This is a descriptive study on racial composition of the population and mortality relating to skin color/race, according to sex and the city in which the deceased individual lived in Brazil. There were utilized dates about population during the census year of 2000 and 2010 and death data in 2010, to elaborate age pyramid of population in Brazil self-classification White, Brown and Black in 2000 e 2010. The risk of death was estimated by premature mortality rate (PMR) from 15 to 24 years, per 100,000 inhabitants and age adjusted. The results revealed that Brazilian population turned racially more diverse, but whites presented earned on age structure. The ageadjusted PMR from 15 to 24 years indicated browns and blacks both sexes with major risk death that white groups. These inequalities reflect a set of structural disadvantages and aspects of social organization within cities.
