Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a primary cause of death. There is currently no cure for the disease, with current treatment focusing on blood pressure control and glycemic control by blockage of the renin-angiotensin system. Such methods can only postpone the onset of end-stage kidney disease and come with a slew of negative side effects. Several unique mechanisms leading to the development of CKD, such as vascular alterations, loss of podocytes and renal epithelial cells, matrix deposition, inflammation, and metabolic deregulation, have recently been identified, revealing new possible therapeutic methods for CKD. This review will look at new CKD treatment techniques and medicines, as well as the hurdles they face in clinical trials.
